Sidney and Beatrice Webb were English socialist economists, pioneers in social and economic reforms, and distinguished historians who deeply affected social thought and institutions in England. They introduced economists and social historians to aspects of British social life through seminal works, such as The History of Trade Unionism (1894) and Industrial Democracy (1897). They also cofounded the London School of Economics and Political Science, contributed to educational reform, helped establish secondary state schools and scholarship systems, and influenced the development of the welfare state.
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