The Chipko movement and Narmada Bachao Andolan are notable civilian movements that have influenced environmental conservation in India. The Chipko movement focused on preventing commercial logging, and Narmada Bachao Andolan opposed large dam projects and highlighted environmental justice issues. The Appiko movement in Karnataka, led by Pandurang Hegde, was similar to the Chipko movement in that it also involved nonviolent resistance to deforestation.
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