Since becoming independent, Moldova has faced difficulties building a stable state and changing from a centrally controlled economy to a market economy. Breaking up Soviet-era state and collective farms caused disruption, lower productivity, and claims of corruption. Moldova has also had tense relations with Transdniestria, a Russian-backed separatist region that declared independence in 1990. A brief civil war ended with a 1992 cease-fire, but Russian troops remained in the security zone and electricity supplies have sometimes been cut off.
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