A blockade must be duly established, effective, continuously maintained, and impartially enforced. It must not block neutral territory unless controlled by the enemy. For a blockade to be considered effective, the blockading party must have sufficient forces in place to intercept the bulk of inbound and outbound traffic. This requirement stems from the use of so-called “paper blockades,” whereby a country would declare an entire coastline to be under blockade, even though it lacked the naval power to enforce such a threat consistently.
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