Fad diets can pose a variety of health concerns, particularly when they involve extreme calorie restriction or the elimination of major food groups. Such diets may lead to nutrient deficiencies, fatigue, dehydration, digestive problems, and loss of muscle mass. Some restrictive eating plans can also contribute to disordered eating patterns or psychological stress related to food and body image. In addition many people regain weight after stopping highly restrictive diets, a cycle known as “yo-yo dieting” or weight cycling, which has raised concerns about possible long-term effects on metabolic and cardiovascular health.
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