Cuba is generally classified as a lower-middle-income country, but its economic conditions are marked by low wages, limited growth, and recurring shortages of basic goods such as food, fuel, and medicine. The island’s economy has been constrained by a combination of structural factors such as aging infrastructure and also external pressures such as long-standing U.S. sanctions. At the same time, Cuba stands out for its relatively strong social indicators, with high literacy rates and broad access to healthcare and education. As a result, while it is not a wealthy country, its standard of living reflects a complex mix of economic hardship and social provision.
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