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How many Pilgrims died the first winter?

About half of the 102 Mayflower passengers died at Plymouth Colony during the winter of 1620–21. The Pilgrims faced harsh weather, inadequate shelter, and shortages of food, while diseases, including scurvy contracted during their voyage, claimed many lives. The survivors later received crucial assistance from the Wampanoag people, who helped them adapt to their new surroundings.