Polio is transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route, meaning the virus spreads when food or water becomes contaminated with the feces of an infected person. It can also spread through close personal contact, such as touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the mouth. In some cases, the virus may be transmitted through respiratory droplets, especially in the early stages of infection. Because the virus can be shed in stool for several weeks—even by individuals without symptoms—it can spread easily in areas with poor sanitation or low vaccination rates..
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