Blood for transfusion is collected from a donor through a sterile needle into specialized collection bags containing anticoagulants to prevent clotting. After collection, the blood is tested for blood type and screened for infectious agents such as HIV and hepatitis viruses. It is often separated into components—including red blood cells, plasma, and platelets—so that each part can be used for specific medical needs. The blood products are then stored under controlled conditions until they are needed for transfusion.
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