How does Gulliver’s Travels use the land of Lilliput to criticize politics?

Jonathan Swift’s satiric novel Gulliver’s Travels (1726) portrays the Lilliputians as physically small, arrogant, and small-minded. They take part in petty debates and ridiculous customs, including a political division between people who wear high-heeled shoes and those who wear low-heeled ones. Court jobs are awarded to people skilled at rope dancing. Lilliput is also at war with the neighboring empire of Blefuscu over which end of an egg should be broken, a disagreement treated as religious doctrine. The disputes satirize those between the Whigs and Tories, two opposing political factions that emerged in England in the 17th century, and those between religions.