The Hebrew term ḥasid (“pious one”) was also used by the Hasideans of the 2nd century bce in Palestine and Hasidic Judaism that developed in the 18th century in eastern Europe. Although later Hasidism in eastern Europe, much like 12–13th-century Ashkenazi Hasidism, draws on Kabbala and piety, the later Hasidic movement tends to be more outwardly expressive and joyful in comparison with Ashkenazi Hasidism’s tendency toward ascetic bodily mortification and somberness.
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