Despite skepticism, St. Bernadette of Lourdes staunchly defended her claim that she had received visions of Mary. Pope Pius IX authenticated her visions in 1862. The veneration of Mary as Our Lady of Lourdes and reports of miracles of healing experienced at the site of Bernadette’s visions transformed the shrine of Lourdes into a major site of Roman Catholic pilgrimage, attracting thousands of people each year.
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