During the Crimean War in 1854, Florence Nightingale and her small group of nurses dramatically improved the military hospital at Scutari through the application of methods grounded in science. For example, they scrubbed walls to improve sanitation, opened windows for ventilation, prepared nourishing food, and systemically organized medical supplies, allowing for timely and efficient care and treatment. Within weeks, death rates fell sharply, and soldiers were no longer becoming sick from infectious diseases caused by poor sanitary conditions. Nightingale’s work helped spread the idea that educated nurses were valuable.
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