How did CNN’s Persian Gulf War reporting contribute to the CNN effect?

During Operation Desert Storm, CNN correspondents who remained in Baghdad, including Bernard Shaw, Peter Arnett, and John Holliman, reported on the war in real time. Their communications were so limited that they largely spoke to anchors and viewers by telephone. The live broadcasting of war as it happened gave rise to the CNN effect, a theory describing the ability of news coverage to impact the opinions of the public and policymakers.