The risk of transmission and spread of COVID-19 can be reduced through vaccination, social distancing, disinfecting surfaces, and community use of face masks. Self-isolation and self-quarantine are additional methods that can help stop the disease from spreading. COVID-19 vaccines, which first became available in late 2020, are highly effective at protecting against severe illness and limiting spread. Annual vaccination can help strengthen immunity and restore protection, which may wane over time.
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