Eukaryotes are classified based on their evolutionary relationships, cellular organization, and modes of nutrition. Traditionally, they are broadly grouped into major categories such as animals, plants, fungi, and protists. This classification considers traits such as whether organisms are unicellular or multicellular, how they obtain energy (autotrophic or heterotrophic), and key structural features. Modern classification systems emphasize phylogeny, meaning they group eukaryotes according to common ancestry and evolutionary history rather than just physical characteristics. This has led to their division into several supergroups, examples being the Amoebozoa, Archaeplastida, Excavata, and Opisthokonta.
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