Sudan gained independence on January 1, 1956, from Egypt and Great Britain. Much of Sudan’s history, including its colonial experience, was intertwined with that of Egypt, its neighbor to the north. From 1899 to 1955 Sudan was administered under the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium, the joint British and Egyptian government. In Sudan the nationalist movement was started in the 1920s by ʿAlī ʿAbd al-Laṭīf, who founded the United Tribes Society and, later, the White Flag League. But it was the changes brought on by Egypt’s 1952 coup that led to an agreement the next year that provided for Sudan’s independence in 1956.
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