Socialist ideas and communities existed long before Karl Marx developed his theories in the 19th century. Christian monastic communities practiced forms of communal ownership during and after the Roman Empire, and Robert Owen conducted utopian socialist experiments in the early 1800s. Earlier works envisioning societies based on communal property or greater economic equality include Platoβs Republic, Thomas Moreβs Utopia, and Charles Fourierβs Social Destiny of Man. Marx profoundly influenced modern socialism, but socialism did not originate with Marxism.
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