correlation
correlation, In statistics, the degree of association between two random variables. The correlation between the graphs of two data sets is the degree to which they resemble each other. However, correlation is not the same as causation, and even a very close correlation may be no more than a coincidence. Mathematically, a correlation is expressed by a correlation coefficient that ranges from β1 (never occur together), through 0 (absolutely independent), to 1 (always occur together).
This article was most recently revised and updated by William L. Hosch.
Citation Information
Article Title:
correlation
Website Name:
Encyclopaedia Britannica
Publisher:
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.
Date Published:
14 October 2026
Access Date:
November 13, 2026