Prithviraj Kapoor

Prithviraj Kapoor (born November 3, 1906, Samundri, India [now in Pakistan]—died May 29, 1972, Bombay [now Mumbai], India) was an Indian film and stage actor who founded both the renowned Kapoor family of actors and the Prithvi Theatre in Bombay (now Mumbai). He was best known for playing Alexander the Great in Sohrab Modi’s Sikandar (1941; “Alexander the Great”) and the emperor Akbar in K. Asif’s Mughal-e-azam (1960; “The Greatest of the Mughals”).

Kapoor began his acting career in theatres in Lyallpur (now Faisalabad) and Peshawar (both now in Pakistan). He joined the Imperial Films Company in Bombay in the late 1920s. Starring in India’s first sound film, Ardeshir Irani’s Alam ara (1931; “The Light of the World”), he demonstrated his greatest asset—a powerful, booming voice. Throughout the 1930s Kapoor played lead roles in Hindi films produced by the New Theatres, a studio based in Calcutta (now Kolkata). The 1932 film Rajrani Meera, directed by Debaki Bose, was Kapoor’s breakthrough project. He followed it up in 1934 with the even more successful Seeta, a film in which he played Rama, opposite Durga Khote in the title role. His most popular New Theatres film was Vidyapati (1937), Bose’s impressively mounted chronicle of the life of the court poet of the kingdom of Mithila (the area of ancient Videha, now Tirhut). In the late 1930s Kapoor was back in Bombay, where he starred in several successful melodramas produced by Chandulal Shah’s Ranjit Studio.

Despite his involvement with Hindi cinema, Kapoor remained committed to the theatre; he launched the Prithvi Theatre in Bombay in 1944 to promote Hindi stage productions. Over the next decade at the Prithvi Theatre, he gave many their first breaks, including director Ramanand Sagar, the composing duo Shankar-Jaikishan, and music director Ram Ganguly. Kapoor continued to work until he died of cancer in 1972. Among his later films were his son Raj Kapoor’s Awaara (1951; “The Vagabond,” or “The Tramp”), his grandson Randhir Kapoor’s Kal aaj aur kal (1971; “Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow”), which featured three generations of the Kapoor family, and Khwaja Ahmad Abbas’s Aasmaan mahal (1965; “Heavenly Palace”). However, his formidable reputation as an actor and talent spotter rests primarily on the first half of his long career.

Kapoor was posthumously awarded the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1972 for his contribution to Indian cinema. He was also awarded the Padma Bhushan, one of India’s highest civilian honours, in 1969.