fundamental theorem of algebra
fundamental theorem of algebra, theorem of equations proved by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1799. It states that every polynomial equation of degree n with complex number coefficients has n roots, or solutions, in the complex numbers. The roots can have a multiplicity greater than zero. For example, x2 β 2x + 1 = 0 can be expressed as (x β 1)(x β 1) = 0; that is, the root x = 1 occurs with a multiplicity of 2. The theorem can also be stated as every polynomial equation of degree n where n β₯ 1 with complex number coefficients has at least one root.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Erik Gregersen.
Citation Information
Article Title:
fundamental theorem of algebra
Website Name:
Encyclopaedia Britannica
Publisher:
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.
Date Published:
02 June 2022
Access Date:
November 15, 2026