Which parts of garden valerian Valeriana officinalis are used to produce valerian?

To produce the medicinal preparation known as valerian, the dried rhizome and roots of the garden valerian (Valeriana officinalis) are used.1

These parts of the plant are valued for their properties as a sedative and carminative. Additionally, the roots of this species, which belongs to the subfamily Valerianoideae within the order Dipsacales, can be used to extract a spicy perfume that serves as a substitute for spikenard.21