What pollen types are common in Magnoliales?

In the plant order Magnoliales, pollen is typically uniaperturate, though biaperturate or inaperturate forms also occur.1

More broadly, within the magnoliid clade to which this order belongs, pollen structure is diverse. While tricolpate pollen (grains with three elongated apertures) is dominant in more advanced angiosperm subclasses, it is almost entirely absent in magnoliids. Instead, the most frequent pollen types found in magnoliids—and in the earliest angiosperm fossil records—include:2

• Monosulcate: Grains featuring a single elongated aperture.2
• Inaperturate: Grains lacking apertures.2
• Polyforate: Grains with many round apertures.2
• Biaperturate: Grains with two apertures.2

These various forms are not fundamentally distinct, as they have likely evolved from one another multiple times throughout the history of these plants.2