How is natural rubber obtained from Hevea brasiliensis?

Natural rubber is obtained from the Hevea brasiliensis tree through a process known as tapping.12

The Tapping Process

When the tree reaches 5 or 6 years of age, it can be tapped to collect latex, a milky liquid containing approximately 30 percent rubber. The standard method involves using a knife to score the bark for half the circumference of the trunk, slanting the cut downward at a 30° angle. This process is typically performed once every two days, with each session yielding about 50 grams of solid rubber.32

Processing and Coagulation

Once collected, the latex is processed into solid rubber through several methods:
* Coagulation: The latex emulsion is treated with formic acid, causing it to form crumbs similar to milk curds. These are washed, dried, and compacted into large blocks for shipping.2
* Smoked Sheets: The coagulum is pressed into thin sheets and dried over a smoky wood fire. The smoke acts as a natural fungicide, protecting the rubber from mold.2
* Concentration: About 10 percent of latex is concentrated to 60 percent rubber content for use in dipped goods like surgical gloves.2