How do the spadix and spathe function in Araceae flowers?

In the Araceae family, the spadix and spathe function together as a specialized inflorescence designed to facilitate pollination.2

• The Spadix: This is a thickened, fleshy spike that serves as the central axis for the plant's minute flowers. Depending on the species, the spadix may be organized with female flowers at the base, male flowers above them, and sometimes a sterile tip.123
• The Spathe: This is a modified, often showy bract that surrounds or accompanies the spadix.12

Together, these structures often employ complex strategies to attract insects:

• Deception and Entrapment: Some species, such as the cuckoopint, use the spathe to trap insects. Hairs on the inside of the spathe prevent pollinators from escaping until they have crawled over the flowers, ensuring pollen transfer.3
• Sensory Lures: Many aroids are thermogenic, meaning they generate heat to disperse fetid odors. By mimicking the scent and appearance of rotting flesh, the spadix and spathe attract carrion beetles and flies to the inflorescence.23