How do evergreen magnolias differ from deciduous magnolias?

The primary distinction between evergreen and deciduous magnolias lies in their foliage retention throughout the year. While the genus Magnolia includes both types, they are categorized based on whether they maintain their leaves or shed them seasonally.1

• Evergreen Magnolias: These plants retain their foliage year-round. A prominent example is the southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora), which is characterized by its thick, shining, evergreen leaves.12
• Deciduous Magnolias: These species shed their leaves annually, typically during the dormant season. Many popular North American and Asian species, such as the saucer magnolia (M. ×soulangeana) and the star magnolia (M. stellata), are deciduous.1

Both types share the characteristic features of the genus Magnolia, including alternate, smooth-margined leaves and fragrant, cuplike flowers located at the branch tips.1