Why was King Louis II declared insane in 1886?

In 1886, King Louis II of Bavaria was declared insane by a panel of doctors primarily due to his withdrawal from public life and his increasingly erratic behavior regarding state affairs.1

Following his disappointment with the newly formed German Empire and ongoing conflicts with his ministers, Louis retreated into a life of morbid seclusion. He neglected his duties as a monarch to focus exclusively on his private artistic interests, most notably developing an extravagant mania for building projects in the Bavarian mountains. These projects included the construction of highly expensive, elaborate structures such as Neuschwanstein, the Linderhof Palace, and the palace at Herrenchiemsee. By the early 1880s, his near-total withdrawal from society and his obsession with these costly endeavors led the government to intervene, resulting in his deposition and the appointment of his uncle, Prince Luitpold, as regent.1