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Why is the Jordan Valley important for agriculture in the West Bank?

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Arid, rugged hills and winding roads in the Jordan Rift Valley, with the Jordan River and a small reservoir visible in the distance. — Jordan River Portion of the Jordan Valley, a rift valley that runs north-south along the Jordan River.

The Jordan Valley is vital to agriculture in the West Bank primarily due to its fertile soil, low elevation, and proximity to the Jordan River, which make the region highly suitable for irrigated farming.1

The valley's topsoil consists of alluvium deposited by the river, providing a productive foundation for cultivation. Because the valley is shielded by steep walls that keep it arid, irrigation is essential for agricultural success. Consequently, the region serves as the primary source of agriculture for the West Bank, making it a critical factor in the territory's economic viability and sovereignty. Despite its importance, farmers in the area face ongoing challenges, including water scarcity and the accumulation of salt in the soil, which can occur when using the river's water for irrigation.213