Why is Nicosia divided between Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot sectors?

The division of Nicosia is a result of long-standing ethnic tensions and political conflict between the Greek Cypriot majority and the Turkish Cypriot minority on the island of Cyprus.1

Following independence in 1960, difficulties in implementing constitutional provisions regarding local government and finance led to intercommunal fighting in 1963. During this period, Nicosia was first divided by a cease-fire line, known as the Green Line, which was initially policed by British troops and later by a United Nations peacekeeping force.12

The division deepened significantly in 1974 following a coup by Greek Cypriot nationalists seeking union with Greece, which prompted a Turkish military intervention. Turkish forces established control over the northern third of the island, including the northern section of Nicosia. Since that time, the city has remained split, with the northern area under Turkish Cypriot administration and the southern area serving as the capital of the Republic of Cyprus. The boundary between these sectors continues to be maintained within the operational zone of the United Nations peacekeeping force.32