Why is English widely spoken and taught in Panama?

While Spanish is the official language of Panama, English is widely taught in schools and commonly spoken throughout the country.12

The prevalence of English is largely tied to the nation's history and its cosmopolitan heritage. Significant English-speaking influence originated from the Caribbean, as many Afro-Panamanians are descendants of families who migrated to the region to build the Panama Canal. Furthermore, the long-standing influence of the United States in the country—particularly among urban middle and upper classes—has contributed to the widespread use of English. These groups often speak English alongside Spanish, reflecting the country's diverse cultural background and its historical connection to international trade and canal construction.3