Why has Ecuador adopted many constitutions since becoming independent?

Ecuador has adopted 20 constitutions since gaining independence in 1830, a frequency driven largely by the country's history of political instability and the desire to reform its political system.

Constitutional conventions have frequently been employed as a mechanism to address periods of intense upheaval, such as the instability experienced from the mid-1990s to the early 21st century, when numerous presidents failed to complete their terms. By drafting new constitutions, leaders have sought to eliminate systemic volatility, redefine the powers of the executive and legislative branches, and implement new social or economic agendas.12

For example, the 2008 constitution was specifically designed to combat long-standing corruption in the National Congress and reflect the leftist ideals of then-President Rafael Correa, including granting the president broader powers. Similarly, constitutional changes have been used to adjust term limits for elected officials, reflecting shifting political priorities and the ongoing struggle to establish a stable, enduring framework for governance.21