Why does the Baltic Sea have very weak tides and tidal currents?

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Map showing the physical features, major cities, and national boundaries around the Baltic Sea, North Sea, and English Channel regions of northern and western Europe. The map highlights coastal countries including the United Kingdom, Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Russia, with sea depths indicated and key islands, peninsulas, and underwater trenches labeled. — Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea, the North Sea, and the English Channel.

The Baltic Sea experiences very weak tides and a general absence of tidal currents primarily because it is nearly landlocked and highly isolated from the open ocean.1

Its connection to the North Sea is restricted by a shallow and narrow outlet, which effectively shelters the Baltic from the strong tidal forces typically found in the open ocean. Because the sea is so enclosed, it lacks the necessary open-water dynamics required to generate significant tidal ranges or currents. Instead of being driven by oceanic tides, the water movement in the Baltic is largely influenced by local factors, such as river runoff, surface currents, and the impact of winds on its surface waters.12