Why does Bihar experience earthquake risk?

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The Mahabodhi Temple at Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India, features a tall, intricately carved central spire surrounded by smaller shrines, trees, and gardens. — Bihar Mahabodhi Buddhist temple, built in the 2nd century ce, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India.

Bihar experiences significant earthquake risk primarily because the northern part of the state is situated within the Himalayan earthquake zone.1

This proximity to the Himalayas—a geologically active mountain range—makes the region susceptible to seismic activity. Historically, this vulnerability has resulted in severe events, such as the devastating earthquakes of 1934 and 1988, which caused widespread destruction and loss of life.1