Why do many fjords in northern Norway remain unfrozen during winter?

Many fjords in northern Norway remain unfrozen during winter primarily due to the moderating influence of the Norway Current, which is a northeastern extension of the Gulf Stream.12

This current transports massive volumes of relatively warm water into the seas surrounding Norway, which helps maintain higher water temperatures even in the Arctic Finnmark region. Furthermore, the warming effect is significantly enhanced by prevailing southerly air currents that pass over these warm waters, particularly during the winter months. This combination of warm ocean currents and mild air masses creates one of the world's greatest thermal anomalies, allowing coastal waters and fjords to remain ice-free despite their high northern latitude.23