Why did the United States establish a naval station at Pago Pago Harbor in 1878?

In 1878, the United States signed a treaty to establish a naval station at Pago Pago Harbor primarily to secure a coaling station for the U.S. Navy.

This strategic move was part of a broader context of increasing American interest in Pacific commerce and naval power during the late 19th century. The harbor, located on the island of Tutuila, was highly valued because it provided an extensive, naturally protected deepwater anchorage. By securing this facility, the United States aimed to support its naval operations and expand its influence in the region, a goal that aligned with the nation's growing maritime and imperial interests during that era.123