Why did Oman develop natural gas resources and other industries?

Oman developed its natural gas resources primarily as a strategic measure in anticipation of the eventual depletion of its oil reserves. In 1996, the government initiated a plan for a post-oil era, focusing on natural gas to fuel domestic industry and for export as liquefied natural gas (LNG).12

Beyond gas, Oman’s broader industrial development began after 1970, following a change in government that ended the country's isolation. This development has been oriented toward improving national infrastructure, such as desalinization complexes, electric generators, and cement plants. Furthermore, the government has actively sought to diversify and privatize its economy to reduce reliance on petroleum, which historically accounted for a significant portion of government income and gross domestic product. These efforts have included expanding the stock market, selling state-owned companies, and fostering a more liberal investment environment.31