Why did Charlemagne incorporate Bavaria into the Carolingian empire?

Charlemagne incorporated Bavaria into the Carolingian empire primarily to destroy the autonomy of the region and consolidate Frankish power. Under their Agilolfing dukes, the Bavarians had developed an independent, southward-looking state that maintained close ties with Lombard Italy and peaceful relations with the Avar kingdom to the east, often leading opposition against the rising Carolingians.12

Charlemagne’s conquest of the Lombards in 774 left Bavaria isolated, providing a strategic opportunity to end its independence. In 788, he successfully deposed the last Agilolfing duke, Tassilo III, and replaced him with a trusted agent. Following this annexation, Charlemagne utilized Bavaria as a vital staging ground for a series of military campaigns between 791 and 796 that ultimately destroyed the Avar kingdom.1234