Why did Caesarea’s harbour contribute to Jaffa’s decline in Roman times?

In Roman times, the development of Caesarea as a major port contributed to the decline of Jaffa because Caesarea’s advanced, artificial harbour—a technological marvel of the ancient world—allowed it to play a significantly larger role in regional commerce.12

As Caesarea became the primary hub for trade between the Roman Empire and Asia, it took precedence over Jaffa, eventually serving as the Roman capital of the region for several centuries. By the time the Roman commander Vespasian captured Jaffa in 68 ce, the city’s commercial importance had already been eclipsed by the superior infrastructure and strategic prominence of the port at Caesarea.12