Why did Bahrain’s opposition groups boycott the 2014 parliamentary and municipal elections?

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Bahrain’s opposition groups boycotted the 2014 parliamentary and municipal elections following the breakdown of the national reconciliation process.

Tensions had escalated after the government formally suspended reconciliation talks in January 2014, following the earlier withdrawal of ShiÊżi opposition groups in September 2013 due to the arrest of a prominent opposition leader.12

The boycott was rooted in a broader, ongoing conflict regarding political representation. The opposition had previously rejected constitutional amendments introduced by King Hamad in 2012, viewing them as inconsequential. Instead, they continued to demand a fully elected parliament chosen through fair elections, rather than the existing system.12