Why are forests so important to Finland’s landscape and culture?

Forests are central to Finland’s identity, covering nearly two-thirds of the country and making it the most densely forested nation in Europe. Their importance spans both cultural heritage and economic necessity:1

• Cultural Significance: Forests are deeply embedded in the Finnish psyche, often viewed as a place of refuge and a "true home". This connection is reflected in the national epic, the Kalevala, and has inspired generations of Finnish artists, architects, and writers. Traditional customs, such as the use of birch branches in the sauna and decorating homes with greenery during holidays like Midsummer and Christmas, highlight the enduring relationship between Finns and their woodlands. Even as the population has become increasingly urban, many Finns maintain this bond by retreating to forest summerhouses during holidays.12
• Economic Importance: While the role of agriculture has declined, the forest industry remains a cornerstone of the economy. Despite rising production costs, forest products—particularly paper—are a primary source of Finland's export earnings.3

Ultimately, the landscape of ubiquitous forest and water serves as a fundamental source of inspiration and national pride for the Finnish people.1