Why are Bedouin communities important in Jordan’s political history?

Bedouin communities have played a foundational role in Jordan’s political history, primarily serving as the bedrock of the state’s security apparatus. Traditionally a martial desert people, the Bedouin formed the core of the Arab Legion, the precursor to the modern Jordanian armed forces. Even as their broader political influence has diminished over time, they continue to occupy key positions within the military, which remains a vital institution under the monarchy.1

Furthermore, Jordanians of Bedouin heritage have historically been the most steadfast supporters of the Hashemite regime. Despite becoming a demographic minority following the influx of Palestinian refugees after the Arab-Israeli wars, this indigenous group remains deeply committed to the ruling family. While the government has encouraged the permanent settlement of nomads, the cultural and political legacy of the Bedouin remains a defining element of the Jordanian state’s identity and stability.23