Who were the legendary founders of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla?

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According to Korean tradition, the three kingdoms were founded by the following legendary leaders:

  • Goguryeo: Founded by Chumo in 37 BCE.123
  • Baekje: Founded by Onjo in 18 BCE.423
  • Silla: Founded by Bak Hyeokgeose in 57 BCE.523

While these figures are credited as the legendary founders, historians note that the actual process of state building and the establishment of centralized monarchies occurred later, primarily under King Taejo for Goguryeo, King Koi for Baekje, and King Naemul for Silla.23