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Who was Nong Zhigao and why did he lead a revolt in Guangxi in 1052?
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Guangxi
These towering karst formations near Guilin form one of China's most iconic natural landscapes, having long inspired Tang dynasty poets, Song-era painters, and contemporary travelers alike.
Nong Zhigao was a leader of the Zhuang people, an indigenous group in the region of Guangxi.
In 1052, he led a revolt against the Song dynasty and established an independent kingdom in the southwest. This uprising was driven by the dissatisfaction of the Zhuang people, whose aspirations were not met by the Song government's policy of alternating between force and appeasement in the region. Although the revolt was suppressed by the imperial government a year later, the area remained a center of significant discontent.1