Britannica Sources used in this answer

Who controlled Karachi before the British captured it in 1839?

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Before the British captured Karachi in 1839, the city was controlled by the Talpur amirs.1

The Talpur dynasty, a Balochi tribe that established rule over Sindh, gained control of Karachi from the khan of Kalat in 1795. Following this acquisition, the Talpur amirs fortified the area by erecting a permanent fort on Manora Head to defend the harbor.21