Who captured Antwerp in 1585 during the revolt of the Netherlands?

Antwerp was captured in 1585 by the Spanish governor-general Alessandro Farnese, the Duke of Parma and Piacenza, during the Eighty Years’ War.

Farnese achieved this victory after a rigorous 14-month siege that began in July 1584. To isolate the city, he constructed a network of forts and a massive pontoon bridge across the Scheldt River, effectively cutting off the rebel stronghold from the sea and the northern provinces. Following the city's surrender on August 17, 1585, Farnese consolidated Spanish control over the southern Netherlands, an area that eventually became modern-day Belgium.12