Which wavelengths allow astronomers to study the obscured centre of the Milky Way Galaxy?

The central region of the Milky Way Galaxy is heavily obscured by dust, making direct optical observation impossible. To study this area, astronomers utilize nonvisual wavelengths that can penetrate these dust clouds.1

The primary wavelengths used for these observations include:

• Radio: Radio waves allow astronomers to map the galactic centre and identify compact, energetic sources like Sagittarius A*.1
• Infrared: Infrared telescopes are capable of registering the long-wavelength radiation emitted by cool dust clouds, providing a clearer view of the galactic centre than optical instruments.12
• X-ray and Gamma-ray: These high-energy wavelengths have more recently enabled astronomers to study the intense activity and complex structures within the nuclear region of the galaxy.1

Together, these observations have revealed a highly active nuclear region and provided evidence for the supermassive black hole at the heart of our galaxy.1