Which trees grow on the lower slopes of the Alps?

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On the valley floors and lower slopes of the Alps, a variety of deciduous trees thrive. These species include:

  • Linden
  • Oak
  • Beech
  • Poplar
  • Elm
  • Chestnut
  • Mountain ash
  • Birch
  • Norway maple1

As elevation increases, these deciduous forests transition into mixed forests of beech and fir, eventually giving way to dense coniferous forests at higher altitudes. In the southern reaches of the Maritime Alps and the southern Italian Alps, the vegetation is dominated by Mediterranean vegetation, such as maritime pine and palm.21