Which organization issued a manifesto demanding immediate independence in 1956?

The organization that issued the 1956 manifesto demanding immediate independence was the Alliance des Bakongo (ABAKO), an association based in Léoopoldville, which is known today as Kinshasa.1

The manifesto was written by a group of Bakongo évolués in response to a proposal by Belgian professor A.A.J. van Bilsen, which had suggested a thirty-year timeline for political emancipation. Rejecting this delay, the ABAKO manifesto asserted that the Congolese people should be granted self-government immediately. Under the leadership of Joseph Kasavubu, the organization became a significant vehicle for anticolonial protest, helping to spark a broader nationalist movement across the colony.1