Which languages are most closely related to Hungarian?

The Hungarian language is a member of the Uralic language family. Within this family, it belongs to the Ugric branch, making it most closely related to the Ob-Ugric languages—specifically Khanty and Mansi—which are spoken in western Siberia.12

Hungarian is also related, though more distantly, to other Finno-Ugric languages such as Finnish, Estonian, and the Sami language of Scandinavia. It shares a more remote connection with the Samoyedic languages of Siberia. While Hungarian has borrowed vocabulary from various languages due to its geographic location, its fundamental grammar and phonology remain distinctly Uralic.21