Which foreign artistic traditions influenced the architecture of Persepolis?

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The architecture of Persepolis is a remarkable example of imperial eclecticism, blending diverse artistic traditions from across the Achaemenid Empire into a distinctly Persian style. While the overall planning and conception remained uniquely Persian, the Achaemenids drew significant inspiration from the following foreign traditions:12

  • Greek: Greek craftsmen were employed extensively, particularly under Darius I. Their influence is evident in the fluted columns and the treatment of architectural ornaments, which often feature a blend of Greek and Egyptian floral motifs.13
  • Egyptian: Egyptian influence is notably present in the elaborate capitals and bases of columns, which share a hybrid aesthetic with Greek styles.1
  • Mesopotamian and Babylonian: The use of figured panels made of molded and glazed brick is reminiscent of the artistic traditions found in Babylon, specifically the work associated with Nebuchadrezzar.1
  • General Imperial Synthesis: The Achaemenids actively drew upon the materials and artistic expertise of their subject territories, including Ionia, Sardis, Media, and Elam, to create a grand, unified imperial aesthetic.2